Piperazine
The six-membered cyclic diamine supplied by Chelora Chemicals — a key pharmaceutical building block, epoxy curing agent and the diamine monomer behind thin-film-composite reverse-osmosis membranes — exported from Indonesia as anhydrous flake with full batch documentation on every shipment.
What Piperazine is, and why buyers source it
A working overview of the compound's chemistry, its role as a symmetrical cyclic diamine, and the grades Chelora Chemicals keeps in regular supply.
Piperazine is a symmetrical six-membered ring with two nitrogen atoms positioned directly opposite one another (the 1 and 4 positions). Both nitrogens are secondary amines, each independently basic and nucleophilic, and the rigid, symmetrical ring geometry is exactly what makes piperazine such a widely reused scaffold in pharmaceutical chemistry and a useful, well-defined diamine monomer in polymer and membrane chemistry.
At room temperature it is a white, hygroscopic crystalline solid or flake, melting at a modest temperature and fully soluble in water and most polar organic solvents once dissolved or molten. It readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from air and is handled with the corrosive-solid precautions typical of reactive diamines.
Where it fits in the synthesis chain
Piperazine's single largest use is as a pharmaceutical building block: the ring appears in a very large number of active pharmaceutical ingredients, including anthelmintic drugs and many fluoroquinolone antibiotics. Industrially it is also a widely used epoxy curing agent and curing-agent modifier, a corrosion inhibitor component, and — notably — the diamine monomer used to form the thin, selective polyamide layer in nanofiltration and reverse-osmosis membranes.
Grades we supply
Chelora Chemicals offers Piperazine in technical grade (anhydrous, ≈99% assay) for standard curing-agent and industrial-intermediate use, and high-purity grade (99.5%+) for pharmaceutical and membrane-synthesis applications sensitive to colour and trace-metal content. Both grades are supplied with a batch-wise certificate of analysis.
How Piperazine is made
An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.
Piperazine is manufactured industrially by the catalytic cyclisation of ethylenediamine (EDA) with monoethanolamine or diethanolamine over a solid acid catalyst (such as an acidic alumina or zeolite) at elevated temperature, with loss of water and ammonia as the two feedstocks condense and close the six-membered ring. An alternative route proceeds by dehydrogenative cyclisation of ethylenediamine itself over a metal catalyst.
Why the ethyleneamine-cyclisation route is standard
Ethylenediamine and ethanolamines are produced at very large scale as part of the broader ethyleneamine family for other downstream uses, making the cyclisation route to piperazine a well-integrated, cost-effective process at major ethyleneamine producers, who separate piperazine as a co-product and primary product of the same production complex.
Industries and processes that use it
Piperazine is consumed across pharmaceutical synthesis, epoxy curing and, increasingly, membrane manufacture, where its symmetrical cyclic diamine structure is the main draw. The fields below account for most of the demand we see through our export desk.
Pharmaceutical Building Block
A core scaffold used directly or as an intermediate in anthelmintic drugs, fluoroquinolone antibiotics and many other active pharmaceutical ingredients.
Epoxy Resin Curing Agent
Used as a fast-reacting cyclic diamine hardener and curing-agent modifier in epoxy coating and adhesive formulations.
Reverse-Osmosis Membrane Monomer
Reacted with an acyl chloride at a water/organic interface to form the thin polyamide selective layer in nanofiltration and RO membranes.
Corrosion Inhibitor & Chelating Intermediate
Used as a component in formulated corrosion inhibitors and as a building block for nitrogen-based chelating agents.
How the molecule is typically carried forward
The two symmetrically placed secondary amine nitrogens govern almost all of this molecule's further reaction chemistry. Reaction classes below account for most of the ways Piperazine is converted into a finished product or intermediate.
Interfacial Polymerisation (Membrane Synthesis)
Reacts with trimesoyl chloride at a water/organic interface to form the ultra-thin, highly crosslinked polyamide layer used in RO and NF membranes.
Epoxide Ring-Opening (Curing)
Each ring nitrogen opens an epoxide ring in turn, crosslinking epoxy resin into a thermoset network.
N-Acylation & N-Alkylation
Both ring nitrogens react readily with acyl chlorides and alkyl halides, the core step in building piperazine-containing pharmaceutical intermediates.
Salt Formation
Forms stable, crystalline salts (including the common dihydrochloride and citrate salts) with mineral and organic acids for pharmaceutical formulation.
Piperazine against other amines we supply
Buyers sourcing Piperazine for pharma, curing-agent or membrane chemistry often need a related cyclic or aliphatic amine. A quick reference to what else is on our regular supply list.
| Product | CAS Number | Category | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Piperazine | 110-85-0 | Cyclic diamine | The product on this page — a pharmaceutical building block, curing agent and RO-membrane monomer. |
| Piperidine | 110-89-4 | Saturated cyclic amine | A related cyclic amine with a single ring nitrogen — see its product page. |
| Morpholine | 110-91-8 | Oxygen-containing cyclic amine | A related saturated ring amine with an oxygen in the ring — see its product page. |
| Ethylenediamine | 107-15-3 | Two-carbon diamine | The open-chain diamine piperazine is cyclised from — see its product page. |
Exact physical constants and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide, not a specification sheet, for products other than Piperazine.
Safety classification at a glance
Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.
Harmful if swallowed.
Causes skin irritation.
May cause an allergic skin reaction.
May cause respiratory irritation.
Impervious gloves, chemical splash goggles, and suitable respiratory protection are the baseline for routine handling, particularly as fine flake.
Repeated exposure to piperazine dust is a recognised cause of occupational asthma and skin sensitisation — minimise dust generation and exposure.
When handled as flake or powder, minimise airborne dust during transfer and packing.
Warning — GHS07 harmful pictogram applies.
This compound is harmful if swallowed, causes skin irritation, may cause an allergic skin reaction, and may cause respiratory irritation. Repeated exposure to piperazine dust is a recognised cause of occupational sensitisation, so it must be handled with impervious gloves, splash-proof eye protection and suitable respiratory protection, with dust generation kept to a minimum. Full first-aid, storage, spill and PPE guidance is in the MSDS issued with every shipment, and should be read in full before this material is handled.
Keeping it on spec between delivery and use
General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.
Store in a cool, dry area away from strong oxidizing agents and strong acids, in tightly closed original packaging, protected from moisture and atmospheric CO₂. If a batch is held past its retest date, re-check assay, colour and melting point before use.
How it ships from Indonesia
Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.
What travels with every batch
Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of Piperazine leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.
Certificate of Analysis
Batch-wise assay (by titration/GC), colour and relevant physical constants, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.
Safety Data Sheet
GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade of Piperazine shipped.
Technical Data Sheet
Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.
Certificate of Origin
Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.
Dangerous Goods Declaration
UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.
Third-Party Inspection
Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.
Frequently asked questions
What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.
01What is Piperazine used for?+
02What is the CAS number of Piperazine?+
03How is Piperazine made?+
04What purity grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
05Is Piperazine hazardous?+
06Why is piperazine used to make reverse-osmosis membranes?+
07What packing options are available?+
08How long does delivery take?+
09Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
10Do you supply other cyclic amines as well?+
Need Piperazine on spec, on time?
Send us your required purity, quantity, packing preference and destination port. Our desk quotes most enquiries within one working day.