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Mineral Acid · CAS 7697-37-2

Nitric Acid

HNO3 Molar mass 63.01 g/mol

The Nitric Acid supplied by Chelora Chemicals — a strong, strongly oxidising mineral acid central to fertiliser, explosives and organic-oxidation chemistry, including the adipic acid route feeding our own nylon-66 intermediates — exported from Indonesia across standard concentration grades with full batch documentation on every shipment.

Identification Sheet REP.
IUPAC nameNitric acid
CAS number7697-37-2
Molecular formulaHNO₃
Molar mass63.01 g/mol
AppearanceColourless to pale yellow fuming liquid
Common synonymsAqua Fortis, Spirit of Niter, HNO3
Concentration Grades60% · 68% · 98% (fuming)standard commercial strengths
Density (68%)1.41 g/cm³liquid, 20 °C
AppearanceColourless to pale yellowyellows on storage from dissolved NO2
Assay (Purity)≥ 68.0% (dilute) / ≥ 98.0% (fuming)by grade
Chloride Content≤ 10 ppmtechnical grade
Grades OfferedDilute (60–68%), concentrated/fuming (≥98%)by application
01 / PRODUCT DOSSIER

What Nitric Acid is, and why buyers source it

A working overview of the acid's chemistry, why its oxidising strength sets it apart from ordinary mineral acids, and the grades Chelora Chemicals keeps in regular supply.

Nitric Acid is a strong mineral acid that is also, unusually among the common mineral acids, a powerful oxidising agent in its own right, a dual character that puts it at the centre of fertiliser manufacture, explosives chemistry and a wide range of organic oxidation and nitration reactions, including the industrial route to adipic acid that feeds our own nylon-66 intermediate chain. Its strength as both an acid and an oxidiser means it reacts, often vigorously, with many materials that ordinary non-oxidising acids leave untouched, which is exactly why buyers reach for it specifically rather than substituting a cheaper acid.

At room temperature it is a colourless to pale yellow liquid, the yellow tinge coming from small amounts of dissolved nitrogen dioxide that form as the acid slowly decomposes, particularly under light or heat; concentrated grades above roughly 86% are commonly called fuming nitric acid because they release visible reddish-brown NO2 fumes. It is supplied across dilute (60–68%) and concentrated/fuming (≥98%) grades, each suited to different downstream uses.

Where it fits in the value chain

Nitric Acid's largest single use by volume is ammonium nitrate fertiliser manufacture, where it is neutralised with ammonia. It is also essential to explosives manufacture (nitroglycerin, TNT, and other nitro-organic compounds), metal etching and pickling (particularly stainless steel passivation), and, closest to our own catalogue, as the industrial oxidant in the classical nitric-acid oxidation route from cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone to adipic acid, the diacid partner to hexamethylenediamine in nylon-66 manufacture.

Grades we supply

Chelora Chemicals offers Nitric Acid across 60%, 68% and 98% (fuming) concentration grades in technical and fertiliser grades, with higher-purity grades available on request. Each grade is supplied with a batch-wise certificate of analysis covering concentration, chloride content and colour.

02 / MANUFACTURING ROUTE

How Nitric Acid is produced

An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.

Nitric Acid is produced industrially by the Ostwald process: ammonia is catalytically oxidised over a platinum-rhodium gauze catalyst to nitric oxide, which is further oxidised in air to nitrogen dioxide, and the nitrogen dioxide is then absorbed into water to form dilute nitric acid, typically in the 50–68% range. Where a more concentrated or fuming grade is required, the dilute acid is further concentrated, commonly by extractive distillation with concentrated sulfuric acid acting as a dehydrating agent, since nitric acid and water form an azeotrope that ordinary distillation alone cannot break past roughly 68%.

The ammonia feedstock is itself typically synthetic ammonia from the Haber-Bosch process, linking nitric acid manufacture back to the same nitrogen-fixation chemistry that underlies most of the world's fertiliser supply. Final concentration adjustment, stabiliser addition for storage-grade fuming acid, and quality control are carried out before packaging.

03 / APPLICATIONS

Industries and processes that use it

Nitric Acid is consumed across fertiliser manufacture, explosives chemistry, metal treatment and organic oxidation routes including our own adipic acid supply chain. The fields below account for most of the demand we see through our export desk.

Field 01

Ammonium Nitrate Fertiliser Manufacture

Neutralised with ammonia to produce ammonium nitrate, the single largest global use of nitric acid by volume.

Field 02

Explosives & Energetic Materials

Used in the nitration of organic substrates to produce nitroglycerin, TNT and other nitro-organic energetic compounds.

Field 03

Metal Treatment & Passivation

Used for pickling and for passivating stainless steel surfaces, forming a protective oxide layer that improves corrosion resistance.

Field 04

Adipic Acid Oxidation Route

Used as the industrial oxidant in the classical route from cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone to adipic acid, feeding our own nylon-66 intermediate chain alongside hexamethylenediamine.

04 / REACTION CHEMISTRY

How the acid is typically used forward

The acid's dual strength as both a strong acid and a powerful oxidiser governs almost all of Nitric Acid's further industrial use. The categories below account for most of the ways it is applied downstream.

Oxidative Ring-Opening (Adipic Acid Route)

Oxidises cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone through a controlled, strongly exothermic reaction to open the ring and form the linear six-carbon diacid, adipic acid, the direct feedstock partner to hexamethylenediamine in nylon-66 polymerisation.

Nitration of Aromatic & Aliphatic Substrates

Combined with sulfuric acid in mixed-acid nitration systems to introduce nitro groups onto aromatic rings or aliphatic backbones for explosives, dyes and pharmaceutical intermediates.

Neutralisation to Ammonium Nitrate

Reacted directly with ammonia to form ammonium nitrate, used both as a nitrogen fertiliser and, in a different formulation, as an industrial explosive oxidiser.

Metal Passivation & Pickling

Used in dilute to moderately concentrated form to dissolve surface oxide scale and form a passive oxide layer on stainless steel and other alloys.

05 / RELATED BUILDING BLOCKS

Nitric Acid against related mineral acids we supply

Buyers sourcing Nitric Acid for an oxidation or nitration step often also need a related mineral acid or nitrosating reagent. A quick reference to what else is on our regular supply list.

ProductCAS NumberCategoryNotes
Nitric Acid7697-37-2Mineral acid, strong oxidiserThe product on this page — a strong, oxidising mineral acid used in fertiliser, explosives and adipic acid manufacture.
Hydrochloric Acid7647-01-0Mineral acidA related non-oxidising mineral acid used across a very different set of industrial processes — see its product page.
Sulfuric Acid7664-93-9Mineral acidCommonly paired with this acid in mixed-acid nitration systems — see its product page.
Nitrosylsulfuric Acid7782-78-7Mixed nitrosating/sulfuric acidA related nitrogen-oxide-derived reagent used in diazotisation and hydroxylamine manufacture — see its product page.
Adipic Acid124-04-9Dicarboxylic acid, nylon-66 monomerThe downstream product of this acid's classical oxidation route, and the diacid partner to hexamethylenediamine — see its product page.

Exact concentration and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide, not a specification sheet, for products other than Nitric Acid.

06 / HAZARD & HANDLING

Safety classification at a glance

Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.

H272

May intensify fire; oxidiser.

H314

Causes severe skin burns and eye damage.

H331

Toxic if inhaled.

Oxidiser Hazard

Reacts vigorously, sometimes violently, with many organic and reducing materials; store well away from combustibles.

PPE Standard

Chemical-resistant gloves, face shield and acid-resistant clothing are required for routine handling.

Signal word

Danger

This product causes severe skin burns and eye damage on contact, is toxic if inhaled, and as a strong oxidiser may intensify fire and react vigorously, in some cases violently, with organic materials, reducing agents and many metals. It must be stored and handled well away from combustible and reducing materials, with chemical-resistant gloves, a face shield and acid-resistant clothing for routine handling. Full first-aid, storage, spill and PPE guidance is in the MSDS issued with every shipment, and must be read in full before this material is handled.

07 / STORAGE & SHELF LIFE

Keeping it on spec between delivery and use

General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.

Storage TemperatureCool, ambient, out of direct light
ContainerAcid-resistant drums / IBC / bulk tank
Typical Shelf Life12 months, sealed, protected from light
Keep Away FromOrganic materials, reducing agents, metals, strong bases
Beyond Shelf LifeRe-check concentration and NO2/colour before use

Store in acid-resistant containers in a cool area protected from direct light, since light and heat accelerate the acid's slow decomposition to nitrogen dioxide, away from organic materials, reducing agents, metals and strong bases. Re-check concentration and colour on stock held for an extended period, and treat any container showing heavy yellowing or pressure build-up with particular caution.

08 / PACKING & EXPORT

How it ships from Indonesia

Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.

Standard Packing200 – 225 kg drums (HDPE/lined)
Bulk PackingIBC / ISO tank / bulk tanker
Min. OrderFrom 1 tonne
Lead Time2 – 3 weeks
Export TermsFOB · CFR · CIF
09 / QUALITY & DOCUMENTATION

What travels with every batch

Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of Nitric Acid leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.

Doc 01

Certificate of Analysis

Batch-wise assay, colour and key physical constants, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.

Doc 02

Safety Data Sheet

GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade shipped.

Doc 03

Technical Data Sheet

Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.

Doc 04

Certificate of Origin

Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.

Doc 05

Dangerous Goods Declaration

UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.

Doc 06

Third-Party Inspection

Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.

10 / FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.

01What is Nitric Acid used for?+
Predominantly ammonium nitrate fertiliser manufacture, explosives and nitro-organic chemistry, metal pickling and passivation, and as the industrial oxidant in the classical route from cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone to adipic acid.
02How is Nitric Acid produced?+
By the Ostwald process: ammonia is catalytically oxidised over a platinum-rhodium catalyst to nitric oxide, further oxidised to nitrogen dioxide, and absorbed into water; concentrated and fuming grades are produced by further dehydrating distillation with sulfuric acid.
03What grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
We supply 60%, 68% and 98% (fuming) concentration grades in technical and fertiliser grades, with higher-purity grades available on request. Each grade ships with a certificate of analysis.
04Is Nitric Acid hazardous?+
Yes, significantly; it causes severe skin burns and eye damage, is toxic if inhaled, and as a strong oxidiser may intensify fire and react vigorously with organic and reducing materials. It must be handled only with the full PPE and storage precautions specified in the MSDS supplied with each shipment.
05Why does Nitric Acid turn yellow in storage?+
Because it slowly decomposes, especially under light or heat, releasing small amounts of nitrogen dioxide that dissolve back into the liquid and give it a pale yellow to amber tinge; heavier yellowing or visible fuming indicates more significant decomposition and the batch should be re-checked before use.
06Do you supply the adipic acid it is used to manufacture?+
Yes. We supply Adipic Acid, the diacid partner to hexamethylenediamine in nylon-66 polymerisation, manufactured industrially from cyclohexanol/cyclohexanone via nitric-acid oxidation.
07What packing options are available?+
Standard packing is 200 to 225 kg HDPE or lined drums, with IBC, ISO tank or bulk tanker shipment available for larger volumes.
08How long does delivery take?+
Typical lead time is two to three weeks plus transit, depending on whether the grade is ex-stock or made to order and your destination port. A firm date is confirmed in the written quotation.
09Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
Yes. Pre-shipment samples and a batch certificate of analysis can be arranged so your QC team can verify the specification before committing to volume.
10Do you supply other mineral acids as well?+
Yes, we also supply Hydrochloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid and Nitrosylsulfuric Acid, each manufactured or stocked for a different set of downstream chemistry.
Request This Grade

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