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Substituted Aminophenol · CAS 99-57-0

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol

C6H6N2O3 Molar mass 154.12 g/mol

The 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol supplied by Chelora Chemicals — a tri-substituted aromatic intermediate central to oxidative hair-colour chemistry and select pharmaceutical synthesis — exported from Indonesia as fine crystalline powder with full batch documentation on every shipment.

Identification Sheet REP.
IUPAC name2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol
CAS number99-57-0
Molecular formulaC₆H₆N₂O₃
Molar mass154.12 g/mol
AppearanceYellow to brownish-yellow crystalline powder
Common synonyms2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol, 4-Nitro-2-Aminophenol, C.I. 76535
Melting Point142 – 146 °Ctypical range
Assay (Purity)≥ 98.0%HPLC, technical/cosmetic-intermediate grade
AppearanceYellow to brownish-yellow powderfine crystalline
Solubility in WaterSlightly solublecold water; more soluble in dilute acid/base
Loss on Drying≤ 0.5%wt%
Heavy Metals≤ 20 ppmcosmetic-intermediate grade
01 / PRODUCT DOSSIER

What 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is, and why buyers source it

A working overview of the compound's tri-substituted ring chemistry, its central role in oxidative hair-colour formulation, and the grades Chelora Chemicals keeps in regular supply.

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol combines three functional groups — a hydroxyl, an amine and a nitro group — arranged around the same benzene ring, and the particular combination and positioning of these groups is what gives the compound its characteristic yellow-to-brownish colour and its reactivity as a coupler in oxidative colouring systems. It is one of a family of small nitro-aminophenol and aminophenol compounds developed specifically for the hair-colour industry, where its own colour contributes directly to the shade produced, in addition to reacting with other dye-system components during the oxidative colour-development process.

At room temperature it is a yellow to brownish-yellow crystalline powder, only slightly soluble in cold water but considerably more soluble in dilute acid or alkaline solution, which is how it is typically dissolved and incorporated into the cream or liquid base of a hair-colour formulation.

Where it fits in the value chain

The great majority of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol demand comes from the oxidative hair-colouring industry, where it is formulated as a direct (non-oxidative-coupling) colouring component in semi-permanent and, combined with other couplers and oxidation bases, permanent hair-colour systems, contributing orange-red to red-brown shades. A smaller volume is used as an intermediate in the synthesis of other dyes and pharmaceutical fine chemicals, where its combination of amine, hydroxyl and nitro reactivity is useful for building more complex substituted-aromatic target molecules.

Grades we supply

Chelora Chemicals offers 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol in cosmetic-intermediate grade, meeting the purity and heavy-metal limits expected of hair-colour formulation raw materials, and in technical grade for other dye and chemical-intermediate applications. Each grade is supplied with a batch-wise certificate of analysis.

02 / MANUFACTURING ROUTE

How 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is produced

An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is produced predominantly by the selective partial reduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol, converting one of the two nitro groups to an amine while leaving the other intact; achieving this selectivity — reducing only one nitro group rather than both, and the correct one rather than its isomer — is the key process challenge, typically managed with a controlled catalytic hydrogenation or a selective chemical reducing system under carefully limited conditions.

An alternative route starts from m-aminophenol (3-aminophenol) and introduces the nitro group by controlled nitration at the position that gives the desired 2-amino-4-nitro substitution pattern, though the selective reduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol is generally the more direct and widely used commercial route. Either way, the crude product is purified by recrystallisation to reach the colour, assay and heavy-metal specification required of cosmetic-intermediate grade.

03 / APPLICATIONS

Industries and processes that use it

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol is consumed predominantly by the oxidative hair-colouring industry, with a smaller volume into dye and pharma intermediate chemistry. The fields below account for most of the demand we see through our export desk.

Field 01

Oxidative Hair-Colour Formulation

Formulated as a direct colouring component in semi-permanent and permanent hair-colour systems, contributing orange-red to red-brown shades alongside other couplers and oxidation bases.

Field 02

Dye Intermediate Synthesis

Used as a building block in the synthesis of other azo and specialty dyes, exploiting its amine group's diazotisation reactivity.

Field 03

Pharmaceutical Fine-Chemical Intermediate

Used in the synthesis of select pharmaceutical fine chemicals where the specific amine/hydroxyl/nitro substitution pattern is a useful synthetic starting point.

Field 04

Analytical & Laboratory Reagent Use

Supplied in smaller quantities as a laboratory reagent and reference standard for analytical and research applications.

04 / REACTION CHEMISTRY

How the molecule is typically carried forward

The combined amine, hydroxyl and nitro reactivity governs almost all of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol's further reaction chemistry. The categories below account for most of the ways it is converted into a finished product.

Hair-Colour Formulation Blending

Dissolved into the cream or liquid base of an oxidative hair-colour formulation alongside oxidation bases, other couplers and an alkalising agent, where it contributes its own colour and interacts during oxidative colour development.

Diazotisation

The amine group is converted to a diazonium salt under acidic nitrous acid conditions, a step toward further azo dye synthesis via subsequent coupling reactions.

Further Nitro-Group Reduction

The remaining nitro group can itself be reduced in a subsequent step to give a diaminophenol, a useful intermediate for other substituted-aromatic target molecules.

Etherification/Esterification of the Phenol

The phenolic hydroxyl can be alkylated or esterified to mask its reactivity while retaining the amine and nitro groups for further synthetic steps.

05 / RELATED BUILDING BLOCKS

2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol against a related aminophenol we supply

Buyers sourcing 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol sometimes also need the simpler, unsubstituted aminophenol for a different pharma or dye intermediate route. A quick reference to what else is on our regular supply list.

ProductCAS NumberCategoryNotes
2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol99-57-0Substituted aminophenolThe product on this page — a key coupler in oxidative hair-colour chemistry.
4-Aminophenol123-30-8Aromatic aminophenolA related, simpler aminophenol best known as the precursor to paracetamol API — see its product page.
Diphenylamine122-39-4Aromatic amineA related aromatic amine intermediate from our aromatic amine range — see its product page.
Hydroxylamine Sulfate10039-54-0Inorganic amine reagentA related nitrogen-chemistry reagent used elsewhere in fine-chemical and nylon intermediate synthesis — see its product page.

Exact physical constants and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide, not a specification sheet, for products other than 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol.

06 / HAZARD & HANDLING

Safety classification at a glance

Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.

H302

Harmful if swallowed.

H317

May cause an allergic skin reaction.

H319

Causes serious eye irritation.

H411

Toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects.

PPE Standard

Chemical-resistant gloves, safety glasses and a dust mask are the baseline for routine handling.

Sensitisation Note

As with many hair-colour-chemistry intermediates, skin sensitisation potential should be assessed per the intended formulation and regulatory regime.

Signal word

Warning

This product is harmful if swallowed and may cause an allergic skin reaction and eye irritation on contact, and is toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects, so release to drains and watercourses should be avoided. Routine handling calls for chemical-resistant gloves, eye protection and a dust mask given its fine powder form. Formulators should additionally confirm the compound's acceptance and permitted concentration under the cosmetic regulations of their target market, since hair-colour ingredient lists are subject to regional restriction. Full first-aid, storage, spill and PPE guidance is in the MSDS issued with every shipment, and should be read in full before this material is handled.

07 / STORAGE & SHELF LIFE

Keeping it on spec between delivery and use

General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.

Storage TemperatureCool, ambient, dark
ContainerDouble-lined drums / fibre drums
Typical Shelf Life24 months, unopened, dark storage
Keep Away FromLight, moisture, oxidizers
Beyond Shelf LifeRe-check colour and assay before use

Store in a cool, dark, dry area in tightly closed containers, since light exposure can affect colour consistency over time, a property directly relevant to its use as a hair-colour shade component. Keep away from strong oxidising agents. Re-check assay and colour on a batch held past its retest date before use, particularly before committing it to cosmetic-grade formulation.

08 / PACKING & EXPORT

How it ships from Indonesia

Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.

Standard Packing25 kg fibre drums, double-lined
Bulk PackingOn request for large volumes
Min. OrderFrom 500 kg
Lead Time2 – 3 weeks
Export TermsFOB · CFR · CIF
09 / QUALITY & DOCUMENTATION

What travels with every batch

Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.

Doc 01

Certificate of Analysis

Batch-wise assay, colour and key physical constants, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.

Doc 02

Safety Data Sheet

GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade shipped.

Doc 03

Technical Data Sheet

Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.

Doc 04

Certificate of Origin

Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.

Doc 05

Dangerous Goods Declaration

UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.

Doc 06

Third-Party Inspection

Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.

10 / FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.

01What is 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol used for?+
Predominantly as a direct colouring component in oxidative hair-colour formulations, contributing orange-red to red-brown shades; smaller volumes go into dye intermediate synthesis and pharmaceutical fine-chemical manufacture.
02How is 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol produced?+
Predominantly by the selective partial reduction of 2,4-dinitrophenol, converting one of its two nitro groups to an amine while leaving the other intact; an alternative route nitrates m-aminophenol at the appropriate position.
03What grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
We supply cosmetic-intermediate grade, meeting the purity and heavy-metal limits expected of hair-colour raw materials, and technical grade for other dye and chemical-intermediate applications. Each grade ships with a certificate of analysis.
04Is 2-Amino-4-Nitrophenol hazardous?+
Yes; it is harmful if swallowed, may cause an allergic skin reaction and eye irritation, and is toxic to aquatic life with long-lasting effects. It should be handled with the PPE and precautions specified in the MSDS supplied with each shipment, and formulators should confirm its regulatory status for their target cosmetic market.
05Why does the exact substitution pattern matter so much for this compound?+
Because its amine, hydroxyl and nitro groups are fixed at specific positions around the benzene ring, the molecule's colour and its coupling behaviour in oxidative hair-colour systems depend directly on that arrangement — a different positional isomer with the same three groups would develop a different shade entirely, which is why isomeric purity is checked as closely as overall assay for this product.
06What packing options are available?+
Standard packing is 25 kg double-lined fibre drums, with bulk packing available on request for large volumes.
07How long does delivery take?+
Typical lead time is two to three weeks plus transit, depending on whether the grade is ex-stock or made to order and your destination port. A firm date is confirmed in the written quotation.
08Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
Yes. Pre-shipment samples and a batch certificate of analysis can be arranged so your QC team can verify the specification before committing to volume.
09Do you supply related aminophenol intermediates as well?+
Yes, we also supply 4-Aminophenol, a related, simpler aminophenol best known as the precursor to paracetamol API.
10What is the minimum order quantity?+
Our standard minimum order is 500 kg; please contact our desk for smaller sample quantities.
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