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Sulfonated Nitroaromatic · CAS 121-03-9

Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid

C7H7NO5S Molar mass 217.20 g/mol

A sulfonated nitrotoluene intermediate supplied by Chelora Chemicals — made by sulfonating Para Nitrotoluene, and oxidatively coupled into the stilbene core of fluorescent brightening agents and dyes — exported from Indonesia with full batch documentation on every shipment.

Identification Sheet REP.
IUPAC name4-Nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic acid
CAS number121-03-9
Molecular formulaC₁H₅C₆H₄(SO₃H)NO₂
Molar mass217.20 g/mol (anhydrous)
AppearanceOff-white to light yellow solid or slurry
Common synonymsPNT-OSA, PNTSA, 4-Nitrotoluene-2-sulfonic acid
Form SuppliedDry powder or aqueous slurryboth grades available
AppearanceOff-white to light yellowtechnical grade
Purity Offered>95%technical grade, anhydrous basis
Hydrate FormMay be supplied as a hydrateconfirm basis of assay
SolubilitySoluble in water
End UseDye / optical brightener intermediate
01 / PRODUCT DOSSIER

What Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid is, and why buyers source it

A working overview of the compound's chemistry, how sulfonation sets up its stilbene-forming coupling chemistry, and the grades Chelora Chemicals keeps in regular supply.

Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid (PNT-OSA, also abbreviated PNTSA) is Para Nitrotoluene with a sulfonic acid group introduced at the ring position ortho to the methyl group (and meta to the nitro group). The combination of the nitro group, the sulfonic acid group and the methyl group on one ring gives a molecule set up for a specific and commercially important reaction: base-mediated oxidative self-condensation of the methyl groups of two molecules to form a central carbon-carbon double bond, building the stilbene core that underlies a major family of fluorescent whitening agents.

It is typically supplied as an off-white to light yellow solid, or as an aqueous slurry depending on the grade and how the buyer's downstream process intends to use it. It is water-soluble, consistent with its sulfonic acid functionality, and like other nitroaromatics is handled as a material requiring full MSDS-guided handling.

Where it fits in the synthesis chain

This compound's single most important downstream reaction is oxidative coupling under alkaline conditions (classically using sodium hypochlorite or a related oxidant) to form 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DNS), the precursor to a large family of optical/fluorescent brightening agents (FBAs) used in textiles, paper and detergents. It therefore sits at the entry point of one of the largest-volume downstream chains built on the nitrotoluene family.

Grades we supply

Chelora Chemicals offers Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid in standard technical grade (>95% assay, anhydrous basis) as either a dry powder or an aqueous slurry, to suit how your downstream process intends to use it. Each batch is supplied with a batch-wise certificate of analysis.

02 / MANUFACTURING ROUTE

How Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid is made

An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.

Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid is manufactured by sulfonating Para Nitrotoluene with concentrated or fuming sulfuric acid under controlled temperature. The methyl group directs the incoming sulfonic acid group predominantly to the ring position ortho to itself, which is also meta to the existing nitro group, giving this specific substitution pattern as the major product.

After sulfonation, the crude product is diluted, neutralised as required, and either isolated as a dry solid or retained as an aqueous slurry, depending on the grade and the buyer's intended downstream process, before packing.

Why this exact substitution pattern matters

The stilbene-brightener chemistry built on this molecule depends on having the nitro, methyl and sulfonic acid groups in precisely this relative arrangement; a different sulfonation position would not couple into the same useful dinitrostilbene-disulfonic acid product, which is why buyers specify this named isomer rather than a generic “nitrotoluenesulfonic acid.”

03 / APPLICATIONS

Industries and processes that use it

Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid is consumed almost entirely as the entry point to optical/fluorescent brightening agent manufacture. The fields below cover the uses we see through our export desk.

Field 01

Optical Brightening Agent Manufacture

Oxidative coupling under alkaline conditions gives 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DNS), the precursor to a large family of fluorescent whitening agents used in textiles, paper and detergents.

Field 02

Dye Intermediate Chemistry

Used more broadly as a sulfonated nitroaromatic building block in dye intermediate synthesis.

Field 03

Specialty & Fine-Chemical Synthesis

Supplied as a well-characterised reference compound for specialty sulfonated nitroaromatic synthesis.

Field 04

Regulatory & Analytical Reference Chemistry

Used as a reference standard in analytical methods for stilbene-brightener content and purity testing.

04 / REACTION CHEMISTRY

How the molecule is typically carried forward

The methyl group is the reactive handle for the stilbene-forming coupling reaction, while the nitro and sulfonic acid groups are generally carried through unchanged into the finished brightener. Reaction classes below cover the main ways this material is converted downstream.

Oxidative Coupling to Dinitrostilbene Disulfonic Acid

Under alkaline conditions with an oxidant such as sodium hypochlorite, two molecules couple at their methyl groups, forming a central carbon-carbon double bond and giving 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid — the single most important reaction this molecule undergoes.

Reduction of the Nitro Groups (Downstream)

Later in the brightener synthesis chain, the nitro groups on the coupled dinitrostilbene intermediate are reduced to amines as part of building the finished fluorescent brightening agent structure.

Further Derivatisation of the Sulfonic Acid

The sulfonic acid groups can be converted to other salts or derivatives as required by the specific brightener formulation being targeted.

Acid-Base Salt Formation

The sulfonic acid readily forms salts with various bases, a property exploited in formulation and purification steps throughout the brightener synthesis chain.

05 / RELATED BUILDING BLOCKS

Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid against other nitrotoluene derivatives we supply

Buyers sourcing PNT-OSA are almost always in the optical brightener supply chain, and may also need its parent nitrotoluene. A quick reference to what else is on our regular supply list.

ProductCAS NumberCategoryNotes
Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid121-03-9Sulfonated nitrotolueneThe product on this page — the entry point to optical brightener manufacture.
Para Nitrotoluene99-99-0Mono-methyl mono-nitro aromaticThe starting material for this product — see its product page.
Ortho Nitrotoluene88-72-2Mono-methyl mono-nitro aromaticA related nitrotoluene isomer — see its product page.
Meta Nitrotoluene99-08-1Mono-methyl mono-nitro aromaticA related nitrotoluene isomer — see its product page.

Exact physical constants and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide, not a specification sheet, for products other than Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid.

06 / HAZARD & HANDLING

Safety classification at a glance

Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.

Acidity / Corrosivity

As a sulfonic acid, concentrated solutions can be corrosive to skin and eyes; treat splashes as an acid-exposure incident.

Acute Toxicity

Treat as harmful if swallowed or inhaled, consistent with other nitroaromatic sulfonic acids.

Aquatic Hazard

Treat as potentially hazardous to the aquatic environment; avoid any release to drains or waterways.

PPE Standard

Acid-resistant gloves, splash-proof eye protection and suitable respiratory protection are the baseline for routine handling.

Dust Control

Dry powder form can generate dust; local exhaust ventilation is recommended during transfer and weighing.

Handling Note (Slurry Grade)

If supplied as an aqueous slurry, treat with the same acid-handling precautions as the dry form; confirm concentration before dosing.

Signal word

Warning — confirm full classification against the SDS for the exact grade and form shipped.

As a nitroaromatic sulfonic acid, this compound should be handled as both an acid-corrosive and a nitroaromatic acute-toxicity hazard; acid-resistant gloves, splash-proof eye protection and suitable respiratory protection are the baseline for routine handling, with any skin or eye contact treated as an acid-exposure incident requiring immediate first aid. Full first-aid, storage, spill and PPE guidance is in the MSDS issued with every shipment, and should be read in full before this material is handled.

07 / STORAGE & SHELF LIFE

Keeping it on spec between delivery and use

General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.

Storage TemperatureCool, ambient
ContainerOriginal sealed packaging (lined for slurry grade)
Typical Shelf Life12 months, unopened
Keep Away FromStrong bases, strong oxidizers
Beyond Shelf LifeRe-assay before use

Store in a cool, dry (for powder) or temperature-stable (for slurry) area away from direct sunlight, strong bases and strong oxidizing agents, in tightly closed original packaging. Slurry-grade material should be checked periodically for settling or crystallisation and re-mixed before dosing. If a batch is held past its retest date, re-check assay and colour before use.

08 / PACKING & EXPORT

How it ships from Indonesia

Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.

Standard Packing (Powder)25 kg fibre drums / bags
Standard Packing (Slurry)IBC / tankers
Min. OrderFrom 1 drum or 1 IBC
Lead Time3 – 5 weeks
Export TermsFOB · CFR · CIF
09 / QUALITY & DOCUMENTATION

What travels with every batch

Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.

Doc 01

Certificate of Analysis

Batch-wise assay (anhydrous basis), colour and residual starting material, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.

Doc 02

Safety Data Sheet

GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade and form shipped.

Doc 03

Technical Data Sheet

Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.

Doc 04

Certificate of Origin

Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.

Doc 05

Dangerous Goods Declaration

UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.

Doc 06

Third-Party Inspection

Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.

10 / FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.

01What is Para Nitrotoluene Ortho Sulphonic Acid used for?+
Its single most important use is oxidative coupling under alkaline conditions to form 4,4'-dinitrostilbene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DNS), the precursor to a large family of optical/fluorescent brightening agents used in textiles, paper and detergents.
02What is the CAS number of PNT-OSA?+
Its CAS Registry Number is 121-03-9, with molecular formula C₁H₅C₆H₄(SO₃H)NO₂ and an anhydrous molar mass of about 217.20 g/mol.
03How is PNT-OSA made?+
It is made by sulfonating Para Nitrotoluene with concentrated or fuming sulfuric acid, which directs the sulfonic acid group to the ring position ortho to the methyl group.
04What forms and grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
We supply standard technical grade (>95% assay, anhydrous basis) as either a dry powder or an aqueous slurry, depending on how your downstream process intends to use it. Each batch ships with a certificate of analysis.
05Is PNT-OSA hazardous?+
Yes. As a nitroaromatic sulfonic acid, it should be treated as both acid-corrosive and acutely toxic; it must be handled with the PPE and precautions specified in the MSDS supplied with each shipment.
06Why does this molecule matter for optical brighteners specifically?+
The particular arrangement of its nitro, methyl and sulfonic acid groups sets up the methyl group for an oxidative coupling reaction that forms the stilbene core underlying a major family of fluorescent whitening agents — a different substitution pattern would not couple into the same useful product.
07What packing options are available?+
Powder grade ships in 25 kg fibre drums or bags; slurry grade ships in IBCs or tankers, depending on your process needs.
08How long does delivery take?+
Typical lead time is three to five weeks plus transit, depending on whether the grade is ex-stock or made to order and your destination port. A firm date is confirmed in the written quotation.
09Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
Yes. Pre-shipment samples and a batch certificate of analysis can be arranged so your QC team can verify the specification before committing to volume.
10Do you supply the parent nitrotoluene as well?+
Yes, we also supply Para Nitrotoluene (the starting material for this product), plus Ortho and Meta Nitrotoluene.
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