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Benzidine-Class Diamine · CAS 119-93-7

Ortho Tolidine Base

C14H16N2 Molar mass 212.30 g/mol

Ortho Tolidine Base (o-Tolidine) is the methylated cousin of 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine — a benzidine-class diamine used chiefly to make Pigment Yellow 16, disclosed here with the same probable-carcinogen classification and the same plain, complete hazard statement we give every product at this tier.

Identification Sheet REP.
IUPAC name3,3'-Dimethylbiphenyl-4,4'-diamine
CAS number119-93-7
EC / EINECS number204-358-0
Molecular formulaC₁₄H₁₆N₂
Molar mass212.30 g/mol
AppearanceWhite to reddish crystalline powder (commercial material often coloured)
Common synonymso-Tolidine, 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine
Melting Point129 °Csolid, well above ambient
Water Solubility~1.3 g/Lslightly soluble
Purity Offered95% / 98%pigment-intermediate grade
Carcinogen ClassificationEU Carc. 1B / IARC Group 2B / NTP "reasonably anticipated"see hazard section — the probable/presumed tier, not "known"
Form TradedFree base, crystalline powdersee note on salts for other trade forms
Chlorine Test-Kit UseHistorically dominant, now substantially displaced by DPD-based kitsnot a current recommended use for us to supply against
01 / PRODUCT DOSSIER

What Ortho Tolidine Base is, and why buyers source it

A working overview of the compound's chemistry, its place in the aniline-derivative family, and the grades Chelora Chemicals keeps in regular supply.

We state this clearly and early, exactly as we do for every carcinogen-classified product in our range: Ortho Tolidine (3,3'-dimethylbenzidine) carries a harmonised EU CLP classification of Carcinogen Category 1B (H350), an IARC Group 2B classification ("possibly carcinogenic to humans," assigned in IARC Supplement 7, 1987), and a US National Toxicology Program listing as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen" (first listed 1983). As with its dichloro relative elsewhere in this part of our range, this is the probable/presumed/possible tier across all three systems — supported by sufficient evidence in animal studies, not confirmed human carcinogenicity — and we state it at that precise level rather than rounding in either direction.

A correction worth making plain, since getting the CAS number right matters for ordering accuracy: the correct CAS Registry Number for this substance is 119-93-7. We want to flag that an easily-mistyped near-neighbour, 119-93-5, does not correspond to this compound in any source we checked and should not appear on an order or shipping document for this product. Chemically, o-Tolidine's real documented industrial use is acetoacetylation followed by coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline to give Pigment Yellow 16 — a distinct pigment from the Pigment Yellow 12/13/14/17 family made from 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine. We want to correct a plausible-sounding but inaccurate assumption directly: o-Tolidine is not a documented route to Pigment Yellow 12 or 13 — those are made from the dichloro diamine, not this one.

Where it fits in the synthesis chain

We supply the free-base diamine itself. We do not manufacture or supply Pigment Yellow 16 or any other finished pigment made from it.

Grades we supply

95% and 98% grades are both seen across the trade.

02 / MANUFACTURING ROUTE

How Ortho Tolidine Base is made

An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.

Ortho Tolidine is made industrially from 2-nitrotoluene: reduction (analogous to the route used for its dichloro relative) gives 2,2'-dihydrazotoluene, which undergoes the same acid-catalysed benzidine rearrangement to give the 4,4'-diaminobiphenyl structure, methylated at both 3,3'-positions rather than chlorinated.

The free base is purified by crystallisation and tested for isomeric purity, residual starting material, and free-amine content before release — the finished pigment manufacturer's downstream acetoacetylation and coupling chemistry requires well-characterised input to achieve consistent shade.

The same benzidine-rearrangement chemistry connects this compound structurally to 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine elsewhere in our range, differing only in the substituent (methyl here, chlorine there) installed before the rearrangement step — which is why the two compounds share so much of their hazard profile despite feeding different pigments downstream.

A correction worth stating plainly: not the same downstream pigments as its dichloro relative

It would be a reasonable assumption that this compound and 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine feed the same or overlapping diarylide pigments, since they're structurally so similar. The documented chemistry doesn't support that: o-Tolidine's real, sourced downstream product is Pigment Yellow 16, made by a different coupling sequence (acetoacetylation then coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline) than the double-diazotisation route used for the dichloro diamine's Pigment Yellow 12/13/14/17 family. We correct this directly rather than let a plausible-sounding assumption stand uncorrected.

03 / APPLICATIONS

Industries and processes that use it

Ortho Tolidine Base is consumed almost entirely as a synthesis intermediate. The four fields below account for most of the demand we see through our export desk.

Field 01

Pigment Yellow 16 Manufacture

Acetoacetylation with diketene, followed by coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline, gives Pigment Yellow 16 — the documented, sourced downstream product of this specific diamine.

Field 02

Soluble Azo Dyes & Toner Chemistry

Used more broadly in soluble azo dye and toner chemistry beyond the single named pigment above.

Field 03

Historical Chlorine Test-Kit Reagent (Declining Use)

Historically the dominant reagent in free-available-chlorine test kits for pools and municipal water, now substantially displaced by DPD-based methods due to both accuracy limitations and this compound's hazard profile — we note this historical use for completeness, not as a current recommended application for material supplied by us.

04 / REACTION CHEMISTRY

How the molecule is typically carried forward

Ortho Tolidine's reaction chemistry is defined by its two amino groups, which is exactly what connects it structurally to 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine even though the two feed different pigment products.

Acetoacetylation

Reaction with diketene installs an acetoacetyl group on the amine, the first step in the documented route to Pigment Yellow 16 — a different first step from the double diazotisation its dichloro relative undergoes.

Coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline

The acetoacetylated intermediate couples with separately diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline to build the azo structure that defines Pigment Yellow 16.

Diazotisation (test-kit and specialty chemistry)

The free amine itself can also be diazotised under standard conditions, relevant to its historical chlorine-test-kit use and to specialty azo dye chemistry beyond the named pigment above.

05 / FAMILY COMPARISON

Ortho Tolidine Base against its near relatives

Ortho Tolidine Base and 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine Dihydrochloride are the two benzidine-class diamines in our range — close structural relatives, both classified as probable carcinogens, but feeding two distinct and non-overlapping sets of diarylide pigments.

ProductCAS NumberTypically Used InNotes
Ortho Tolidine Base119-93-7Pigment Yellow 16 and related soluble azo dyes/tonersThe product on this page. EU Carc. 1B, IARC Group 2B.
3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine Dihydrochloride612-83-9Pigment Yellow 12/13/14/17/55/63/83; Pigment Orange 13/34Also supplied — see its product page. EU Carc. 1B, IARC Group 2B.

Exact physical constants and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide rather than a specification sheet.

06 / HAZARD & HANDLING

Safety classification at a glance

Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.

H350

May cause cancer.

H302

Harmful if swallowed.

H411

Toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects.

Signal word

Danger

Ortho Tolidine carries a harmonised EU CLP Annex VI classification (Index 612-041-00-7): Carc. 1B (H350), Acute Tox. 4 oral (H302), and Aquatic Chronic 2 (H411). A separate generic Annex VI entry (Index 612-081-00-5) covers salts of 3,3'-dimethylbenzidine in parallel. IARC classifies this substance Group 2B ("possibly carcinogenic to humans"), assigned in Supplement 7 (1987) following an earlier 1972 review that assessed the animal data without yet assigning a group. The US National Toxicology Program lists it as "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen" (first listed 1983) and separately lists "3,3'-dimethylbenzidine-based dyes" (metabolised to this amine in the body) under the same status (first listed 2002) — a distinct listing covering finished dyes, not this intermediate itself. We state plainly: this is the probable/presumed/possible tier across all three systems, not the confirmed/known tier.

07 / STORAGE & SHELF LIFE

Keeping it on spec between delivery and use

General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.

Shelf Life24 months, unopened
Storage Temp15–30 °C, access-controlled storage
ContainerFibre drums with poly liner, CMR-labelled

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated, access-controlled area consistent with Carc. 1B handling requirements. Full PPE is required for all handling, including respiratory protection where dust generation is possible. Keep containers tightly sealed and clearly labelled.

08 / PACKING & EXPORT

How it ships from Indonesia

Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.

Standard Packing25 kg bags
Bulk PackingDrums / jumbo bags
Min. OrderFrom 1 drum
Lead Time2 – 4 weeks
Export TermsFOB · CFR · CIF
09 / QUALITY & DOCUMENTATION

What travels with every batch

Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of Ortho Tolidine Base leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.

Doc 01

Certificate of Analysis

Batch-wise assay (by GC), isomer purity, melting point range and moisture, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.

Doc 02

Safety Data Sheet

GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade shipped.

Doc 03

Technical Data Sheet

Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.

Doc 04

Certificate of Origin

Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.

Doc 05

Dangerous Goods Declaration

UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.

Doc 06

Third-Party Inspection

Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.

10 / FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.

01What is Ortho Tolidine Base used for?+
Ortho Tolidine Base is used chiefly as the diamine precursor to Pigment Yellow 16, via acetoacetylation and coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline, and more broadly in soluble azo dye and toner chemistry. It has a declining historical use as a reagent in chlorine test kits.
02What is the CAS number of Ortho Tolidine Base?+
Its CAS Registry Number is 119-93-7, with EC number 204-358-0, molecular formula C₁₄H₁₆N₂ and a molar mass of 212.30 g/mol.
03What purity grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
We supply technical grade and high-purity grade — the exact figures are shown in the specification rail at the top of this page. Each batch ships with a certificate of analysis stating assay, isomer purity and moisture against the agreed specification.
04Is Ortho Tolidine Base hazardous?+
Yes. It carries the GHS signal word Danger with the hazard statements listed in the hazard section of this page. It should be handled with appropriate PPE and in line with the safety data sheet supplied with each shipment.
05Is this a confirmed human carcinogen?+
No, and we state this precisely rather than round in either direction. It is classified EU Carc. 1B, IARC Group 2B, and US NTP "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen" — all three are the probable/presumed/possible tier, based on sufficient evidence in animal studies, not confirmed human carcinogenicity.
06Is the CAS number 119-93-5 or 119-93-7?+
119-93-7. We flag this specifically because 119-93-5 is an easily mistyped near-neighbour that does not correspond to this substance in any source we checked. Please verify 119-93-7 on your purchase order and shipping documentation.
07Does this feed the same pigments as 3,3'-Dichlorobenzidine?+
No — despite the structural similarity, o-Tolidine's documented downstream product is Pigment Yellow 16, made via a different route (acetoacetylation then coupling with diazotised 2,4-dichloroaniline) than the Pigment Yellow 12/13/14/17 family made from 3,3'-dichlorobenzidine. Don't assume the two diamines are interchangeable for pigment synthesis based on their structural similarity alone.
08Is this still used in chlorine/pool-water test kits?+
Historically, yes — o-Tolidine was the dominant reagent for free-available-chlorine testing for decades. It has been substantially displaced by DPD-based test methods, both for accuracy reasons and because of this compound's carcinogen classification. We note this as historical context, not as a use we're supplying material against.
09What packing options are available?+
Standard packing is 25 kg bags, with drums / jumbo bags available for bulk orders. Trial quantities from a single drum can usually be arranged before you commit to larger volumes.
10How long does delivery take?+
Typical lead time is two to four weeks plus transit, depending on whether the grade is ex-stock or made to order and your destination port. A firm date is confirmed in the written quotation.
11Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
Yes. Pre-shipment samples and a batch certificate of analysis can be arranged so your QC team can verify the specification before committing to volume.
12How is Ortho Tolidine Base manufactured?+
2-Nitrotoluene Reduction to 2,2'-dihydrazotoluene, followed by acid-catalysed benzidine rearrangement is the usual industrial route, followed by washing and distillation or recrystallisation before packing.
13What is the shelf life, and how should it be stored?+
Typical shelf life is around 24 months in original, unopened packaging stored as described in the storage section of this page. If a batch is held beyond its shelf life, we recommend re-checking assay and moisture before use.
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