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Dichloronitroaromatic · CAS 99-54-7

3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene

C6H3Cl2NO2 Molar mass 192.00 g/mol

A dichlorinated nitroaromatic intermediate supplied by Chelora Chemicals — the dominant product of 1,2-dichlorobenzene nitration, and the established starting material for third-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterial synthesis — exported from Indonesia with full batch documentation on every shipment.

Identification Sheet REP.
IUPAC name1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene
CAS number99-54-7
Molecular formulaC₆H₃Cl₂NO₂
Molar mass192.00 g/mol
AppearanceColourless to yellow-brown crystalline solid
Common synonyms1,2-Dichloro-4-nitrobenzene, 3,4-DCNB
Melting Point42 – 44 °Clit., typical range
Boiling Point255.5 °Cat 1 atm
Specific Gravity1.48at 55 °C
Flash Point124 °Cclosed cup
AppearanceColourless to yellow-brown crystalstechnical grade
Purity Offered97% / 98%+technical & high-purity
01 / PRODUCT DOSSIER

What 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene is, and why buyers source it

A working overview of the compound's chemistry, how it dominates 1,2-dichlorobenzene nitration, and its established role feeding fluoroquinolone antibacterial synthesis.

3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene is a benzene ring carrying chlorine atoms at the 1 and 2 positions and a nitro group at position 4, para to one of the chlorines. It is the dominant product formed when 1,2-dichlorobenzene is nitrated, with the minor 2,3-substituted isomer (carried elsewhere in our range) forming alongside it as a secondary co-product.

At room temperature it is a crystalline solid ranging from colourless to yellow-brown depending on purity and residual colour body. It is practically insoluble in water but dissolves in common organic solvents, and like other nitroaromatics is handled as a toxic material under full MSDS guidance rather than a benign commodity solid.

Where it fits in the synthesis chain

This is a well-established pharmaceutical synthesis intermediate: reduction of the nitro group gives 3,4-dichloroaniline, which is further converted through the synthesis chain to 3,4-dichloro-1,2-benzenediamine, a documented starting material for third-generation quinolone antibacterials such as ofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin and rufloxacin. It is also a starting material in the synthesis of aclonifen, a diphenyl ether herbicide.

Grades we supply

Chelora Chemicals offers 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene in technical grade (≈97% assay) for standard industrial synthesis, and high-purity grade (98%+) for pharmaceutical-intermediate applications sensitive to isomeric or colour-body carryover. Both grades are supplied with a batch-wise certificate of analysis.

02 / MANUFACTURING ROUTE

How 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene is made

An overview of the production route for orientation purposes. Our manufacturing partners' own process parameters and in-process controls are proprietary and are not disclosed beyond what is needed to interpret the certificate of analysis.

3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene is manufactured by nitrating 1,2-dichlorobenzene with a mixed nitric/sulfuric acid system under controlled, moderate temperature. The two adjacent chlorines on the starting material direct the incoming nitro group predominantly to the 4-position, giving this isomer as the major product, with the 2,3-substituted isomer forming as a smaller co-product that is separated out during purification.

After nitration, the crude product is separated from the spent acid, washed, and crystallised to the required purity and colour before packing — this crystallisation step is where pharmaceutical-grade material is distinguished from standard technical grade.

Why purity matters for this particular isomer

Because this material feeds a well-defined pharmaceutical synthesis chain through to regulated antibacterial actives, buyers in that chain in particular should confirm the grade's isomeric purity and colour specification against their process's requirements before ordering, since downstream purification capacity for removing trace 2,3-isomer carryover varies by process.

03 / APPLICATIONS

Industries and processes that use it

3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene is consumed mainly as a pharmaceutical synthesis intermediate for fluoroquinolone antibacterials, with further volumes going into herbicide intermediate chemistry. The fields below account for most of the demand we see through our export desk.

Field 01

Fluoroquinolone Antibacterial Intermediate

Feeds, via 3,4-dichloroaniline and 3,4-dichloro-1,2-benzenediamine, the synthesis of third-generation quinolone antibacterials including ofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin and rufloxacin.

Field 02

Herbicide Intermediate (Aclonifen Route)

A documented starting material in the synthesis of aclonifen, a diphenyl ether herbicide.

Field 03

Dye & Pigment Intermediate Chemistry

3,4-Dichloroaniline derived from this material is also used in some dye and pigment intermediate synthesis.

Field 04

Fine-Chemical & Specialty Synthesis

Supplied as a well-characterised dichloronitroaromatic building block for broader fine-chemical synthesis.

04 / REACTION CHEMISTRY

How the molecule is typically carried forward

The nitro group is the principal reactive handle for reduction chemistry, with both chlorines generally carried through unchanged into the finished pharmaceutical or agrochemical intermediate. Reaction classes below cover the main ways this material is converted downstream.

Reduction to 3,4-Dichloroaniline

Catalytic hydrogenation or chemical reduction converts the nitro group to a primary amine while leaving both chlorines in place, giving 3,4-dichloroaniline — the key intermediate step toward the fluoroquinolone synthesis chain.

Conversion to 3,4-Dichloro-1,2-benzenediamine

Further functionalisation of 3,4-dichloroaniline, via nitration and reduction at the ring position ortho to the amine, gives the benzenediamine building block used directly in quinolone antibacterial ring-closure chemistry.

Diazotization of 3,4-Dichloroaniline

For dye-intermediate applications, 3,4-dichloroaniline diazotizes under standard cold, acidic conditions for azo-coupling chemistry.

Limited Reactivity at the Chlorines

Neither chlorine is strongly activated for nucleophilic aromatic substitution by the single nitro group in this substitution pattern, so both are generally carried through unchanged in downstream chemistry rather than displaced.

05 / RELATED BUILDING BLOCKS

3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene against other isomers and nitroaromatics we supply

Buyers sourcing this isomer sometimes need the 2,3- or 2,5-substituted dichloronitrobenzene instead for a different downstream chemistry. A quick reference to what else is on our regular supply list.

ProductCAS NumberCategoryNotes
3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene99-54-7Di-chloro mono-nitro aromaticThe product on this page — the dominant product of 1,2-dichlorobenzene nitration.
2,3-Dichloro Nitro Benzene3209-22-1Di-chloro mono-nitro aromaticThe minor co-product of the same nitration — see its product page.
2,5-Dichloronitrobenzene89-61-2Di-chloro mono-nitro aromaticA different substitution pattern from a different starting material — see its product page.
2,3,4-Trichloro Nitro Benzene17700-09-3Tri-chloro mono-nitro aromaticA further-chlorinated relative used in the same quinolone synthesis chain — see its product page.

Exact physical constants and purity specifications are confirmed per batch on the certificate of analysis — treat the notes above as a sourcing guide, not a specification sheet, for products other than 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene.

06 / HAZARD & HANDLING

Safety classification at a glance

Based on GHS classification as commonly listed for this substance. This is a summary for orientation only — always work from the current safety data sheet supplied with your specific batch.

Acute Toxicity

Toxic if swallowed or inhaled; harmful in contact with skin.

H317

May cause an allergic skin reaction.

Aquatic Hazard

Classified as hazardous to the aquatic environment; avoid any release to drains or waterways.

PPE Standard

Impervious gloves, splash-proof eye protection and suitable respiratory protection are the baseline for routine handling.

Dust Control

Crystalline material can generate dust; local exhaust ventilation is recommended during transfer and weighing.

Thermal Stability

Store away from heat and ignition sources; avoid conditions that could promote decomposition.

Environmental Handling

Treat as persistent in the aquatic environment; avoid any release to drains or waterways.

Signal word

Danger — GHS06 acute toxicity pictogram applies.

This compound is toxic if swallowed or inhaled, harmful in contact with skin, and a skin sensitiser, and it is hazardous to the aquatic environment; impervious gloves, full eye/face protection and suitable respiratory protection are the baseline for routine handling, and any skin contact should be avoided. Full first-aid, storage, spill and PPE guidance is in the MSDS issued with every shipment, and should be read in full before this material is handled.

07 / STORAGE & SHELF LIFE

Keeping it on spec between delivery and use

General storage guidance for this grade. Site-specific storage rules, segregation requirements and re-test intervals should follow your own EHS procedures and the MSDS issued with your batch.

Storage TemperatureCool, ambient, dry
ContainerOriginal sealed packaging
Typical Shelf Life24 months, unopened
Keep Away FromStrong oxidizers, strong reducing agents
Beyond Shelf LifeRe-assay before use

Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated area away from direct sunlight and ignition sources, in tightly closed original packaging, segregated from strong oxidizing and strong reducing materials. Avoid generating or accumulating dust during handling. If a batch is held past its retest date, re-check assay, melting point and isomer content before use.

08 / PACKING & EXPORT

How it ships from Indonesia

Standard packing and export terms for this product. Confirm exact figures against your order — they vary slightly by destination and quantity.

Standard Packing25 kg fibre drums / bags
Bulk Packing200 kg drums / IBC
Min. OrderFrom 1 drum
Lead Time2 – 4 weeks
Export TermsFOB · CFR · CIF
09 / QUALITY & DOCUMENTATION

What travels with every batch

Specification is agreed before the purchase order, not discovered on arrival. Every shipment of 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene leaves with a documented, checkable paper trail.

Doc 01

Certificate of Analysis

Batch-wise assay, melting point range, isomer content and colour, issued against the agreed specification so your QC team can check it, not just file it.

Doc 02

Safety Data Sheet

GHS-format SDS in English covering hazard classification, handling, storage, first-aid and spill response for the exact grade shipped.

Doc 03

Technical Data Sheet

Reference physical and chemical properties, recommended storage and typical applications, for internal circulation to your process or R&D teams.

Doc 04

Certificate of Origin

Confirms Indonesian origin for customs clearance and any preferential-duty claim at your destination port.

Doc 05

Dangerous Goods Declaration

UN packing group, classification and shipper's declaration prepared ahead of loading so documentation never holds up customs.

Doc 06

Third-Party Inspection

Independent pre-shipment inspection and re-sampling can be arranged on request, at your cost, for buyers who require it as a matter of policy.

10 / FAQ

Frequently asked questions

What buyers most often ask our sales desk about this grade.

01What is 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene used for?+
Its main use is as a pharmaceutical synthesis intermediate: via 3,4-dichloroaniline and 3,4-dichloro-1,2-benzenediamine, it feeds the synthesis of third-generation fluoroquinolone antibacterials such as ofloxacin, levofloxacin, lomefloxacin and rufloxacin. It is also a starting material for the herbicide aclonifen.
02What is the CAS number of 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene?+
Its CAS Registry Number is 99-54-7, with molecular formula C₆H₃Cl₂NO₂ and a molar mass of 192.00 g/mol.
03How is 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene made?+
It is produced by nitrating 1,2-dichlorobenzene with mixed nitric/sulfuric acid, giving this isomer as the dominant product with the 2,3-substituted isomer as a smaller co-product.
04What purity grades does Chelora Chemicals supply?+
We supply technical grade (around 97% assay) for standard industrial synthesis, and high-purity grade (98%+) for pharmaceutical-intermediate applications sensitive to isomeric or colour carryover. Each batch ships with a certificate of analysis.
05Is 3,4-Dichloronitrobenzene hazardous?+
Yes. It carries a GHS Danger signal word with hazard statements covering acute toxicity, skin sensitisation, and hazard to the aquatic environment. It must be handled with the PPE and precautions specified in the MSDS supplied with each shipment.
06How is this different from 2,3- and 2,5-Dichloronitrobenzene?+
All three share the same molecular formula but differ in chlorine placement. This isomer is the dominant product of 1,2-dichlorobenzene nitration and the established route into fluoroquinolone antibacterial synthesis, while the 2,3-isomer is a minor co-product of the same nitration and the 2,5-isomer comes from a different (1,4-dichlorobenzene) starting material.
07What packing options are available?+
Standard packing is 25 kg fibre drums or bags, with 200 kg drums or IBC shipment available for bulk orders.
08How long does delivery take?+
Typical lead time is two to four weeks plus transit, depending on whether the grade is ex-stock or made to order and your destination port. A firm date is confirmed in the written quotation.
09Can I get a sample before placing a bulk order?+
Yes. Pre-shipment samples and a batch certificate of analysis can be arranged so your QC team can verify the specification before committing to volume.
10Do you supply other dichloronitrobenzene isomers?+
Yes, we also supply 2,3-Dichloro Nitro Benzene and 2,5-Dichloronitrobenzene, and can advise on which isomer best fits your process.
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